![]() ![]() The XRD peak profile analysis is done for as-prepared and annealed SnZ, Sn48 and Sn144 samples. On analysing the XRD peaks, it is possible to deduce the contribution made by crystallite size and lattice strain individually. The variation in hydrolysis time and annealing temperatures affect the lattice strain and crystallite size which is clearly seen from the broadening of XRD peaks. 5,6 Tin oxide is the first transparent conductor to have reserved significant commercialization. SnO 2 is an established metal oxide as it is a transparent conducting electrode (TCO) and it is a potential component in many optoelectronic applications like solar cells, gas sensors, photo voltaic, touch screen, light emitting diode (LED) and heat reflucters. The elastic properties of a material like Young’s modulus (stiffness of the material), Poisson’s ratio (Poisson’s effect) and, volume and linear compressibility are significant in determining the applications of the material. Moreover, the internal strains present in the nanomaterials can induce the structural modifications and finally affects the mechanical properties of the material. The ultra fine and uniform distribution of particle size are utilized more in electronic industries. 1–4 Metal oxide nanoparticles have a great deal in practical applications due to their physical, chemical and optical properties. The critical grain size, surface area to volume ratio and quantum effect (quantum confinement and quantum tunnelling) differentiate them from bulk material properties. Nanocrystalline materials and its properties became a wide spread subject among researchers in the last couple of decades with a significant advancement. The results were correlated with the available studies on electrical properties using impedance spectroscopy. The dependence of crystallite size on lattice strain was studied. The changes in crystallite size and microstrain due to lattice defects were observed while varying the hydrolysis time and the annealing temperature. The directional dependant young’s modulus was modified as an equation relating elastic compliances ( s ij) and Miller indices of the lattice plane ( hkl) for tetragonal crystal system and also the equation for elastic compliance in terms of stiffness constants was derived. The morphology and particle size were determined using TEM micrographs. The microstrain and crystallite size were calculated for all the samples by using Williamson-Hall (W-H) models namely, isotropic strain model (ISM), anisotropic strain model (ASM) and uniform deformation energy density model (UDEDM). The samples were characterized using X-ray powder diffractometer and transmission electron microscopy. The reaction was carried out by varying the period of hydrolysis and the as-prepared samples were annealed at different temperatures. Nanocrystalline tin oxide (SnO 2) powders with different grain size were prepared by chemical precipitation method. ![]()
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